职称英语考试模拟题解析8
Do you feel sad? Happy? Angry? You may think that the way you show these emotions is unique. Well, think again. Even the expression of the most personal feelings can be classified, according to Mind Readingame, a DVD displaying every possible human emotion. It demonstrates 412 distinct ways in which we feel the first visual distionary of the human heart.
Attempts to classify expressions began in the mid-1800s, when Darwin divided the emtions into six types-anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise and enjoyment. _________(46) Every other feeling was thought to derive from Darwin's small group. More complex expressions of emotions were probably learned and therefore more specific to each culture. But now it is believed that many more facial expressions are shared worldwide. _________(47) The Mind Reading DVD is a systematic visual record of these expressions.
The project was conceived by a Cambridge professor as an aid for people with autism (孤独症), who have difficulty both reading and expressing emotions. But it quickly became apparent that it had broader uses. Actors and teachers, for example, need to understand a wide range of expressions. The professor and his research team first had to define an "emotion" _________(48) Using this definition, 1,512 emotion terms were identified and discussed. This list was eventually reduced to 412, from"afraid" to "wanting".
Once these emotions were defined and classified, a DVD seemed the clearest and most efficient way to display them. In Mind Reading, each expression is acted out by six different actors in three seconds. _________(49) The explanation for this is simple: we may find it difficult to describe emotions using words, but we instantly recognise one when we see it on someone's face. " It was really clear when the actors had got it right," says Cathy Collis, who directed the DVD." Although they were given some direstion," says Ms Collis, " the actors were not told which facial muscles they should move. " _________(50) For example, when someone feel contempt, you can't say for certain that their eyebrows always go down.
Someone who has tried to establish such rules is the American, Professor Paul Ekman, who has built a database of how the face moves for every emotion. The face can make 43 distinct muscle movements called " action units". These can be combined into more than 10, 000 visible facial shapes. Ekmen has written out a pattern of facial muscular movements to represent each emotion.
A. He said that this expression of feeling is universal and recognizable by anyone from any culture .
B. Any other method of showing the 412 emotions whould have been far less effective.
C. Research has also been done to find out which area of brain read the emotional expressions.
D. These particular muscles are difficult to control, and few people can do it.
E. They decided that it was a mental state that could be preceded by "I feel" "he looks" or"she sounds".
F. We thought of trying to describe each emotion, but it whould have been almost impossible to make clear rules of this.
46.A [解析]"He said that this expression of feeling is universal and recognizable by anyone from any culture."他说这种感情的表达普遍存在,可以在任何人和任何文化中找到。上一句列举了六种表情,而this正是指以上的感情的表达。
47.C [解析]"Research has also been done to find out which area of brain read the emotional expressions."人们做了研究以期发现大脑的哪个区域读取表情。该题考察上下文之间的意义关系。
48.F [解析]"We thought of trying to describe each emotion, but it whould have been almost impossible to make clear rules of this."我们试图描述每种情感,但要搞清楚其中的规律几乎是不可能的,这就是为什么教授要进行不同表情的研究和界定。
49.B [解析]"Any other method of showing the 412 emotions whould have been far less effective."要展示412种表情,其他任何的方法远没有它有效。文章接下来给出了理由。
50.D [解析]"These particular muscles are difficult to control, and few people can do it."这些特殊的肌肉很难控制,少数人才能做到这一点。该句前面讲到面部肌肉的控制,因此,选D。
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专业知识水平考试:
考试内容以管理会计师(中级)教材:
《风险管理》、
《绩效管理》、
《决策分析》、
《责任会计》为主,此外还包括:
管理会计职业道德、
《中国总会计师(CFO)能力框架》和
《中国管理会计职业能力框架》
能力水平考试:
包括简答题、考试案例指导及问答和管理会计案例撰写。